Disclamer
In Multipass, the Minikube image is available with Ubuntu 22.04, Docker, and Kubectl included. So in the article, I will use the Ubuntu 20.04 (focal) image and set it up from basic with minimum requirements.
Overview
I'm currently reading Belajar Kubernetes Untuk Pemula. There is a part where we asked to install Minikube to try Kubernetes locally. So in this reading I will show You how to set up a Minikube instance using Multipass and Cloud-init then try that.
Before we start, I will explain about Multipass, Multipass is a tool for creating Ubuntu VMs or instances. It’s designed for everyone who want a fresh Ubuntu environment with a single command, and it works on Linux, Windows and macOS. Multipass could also be your alternative.
Then what is Cloud-init? Cloud-init is a service used for customizing Linux-based operating systems in the cloud. It allows you to customize virtual machines provided by a cloud vendor by modifying the generic OS configuration on boot. Canonical initially developed cloud-init for Ubuntu but expanded to most major Linux and FreeBSD operating systems. Today, it officially supports 8 Unix OSs - Ubuntu, Arch Linux, CentOS, Red Hat, FreeBSD, Fedora, Gentoo Linux, and openSUSE. In this case, We will use cloud-init to provision instance creation. The cloud-init service is used for a variety of things, including:
- Adding users and groups.
- Writing out arbitrary files.
- Adding YUM repositories.
- Running commands on first boot.
Basic Setup
On Ubuntu or other Linux distributions Multipass is available in snap:
sudo snap install multipass
Check available images:
multipass find
Image Aliases Version Description
core core16 20200818 Ubuntu Core 16
core18 20211124 Ubuntu Core 18
core20 20230119 Ubuntu Core 20
core22 20230119 Ubuntu Core 22
20.04 focal 20231011 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
22.04 jammy,lts 20231010 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
23.04 lunar 20231005 Ubuntu 23.04
appliance:adguard-home 20200812 Ubuntu AdGuard Home Appliance
appliance:mosquitto 20200812 Ubuntu Mosquitto Appliance
appliance:nextcloud 20200812 Ubuntu Nextcloud Appliance
appliance:openhab 20200812 Ubuntu openHAB Home Appliance
appliance:plexmediaserver 20200812 Ubuntu Plex Media Server Appliance
Blueprint Aliases Version Description
anbox-cloud-appliance latest Anbox Cloud Appliance
charm-dev latest A development and testing environment for charmers
docker 0.4 A Docker environment with Portainer and related tools
jellyfin latest Jellyfin is a Free Software Media System that puts you in control of managing and streaming your media.
minikube latest minikube is local Kubernetes
ros-noetic 0.1 A development and testing environment for ROS Noetic.
ros2-humble 0.1 A development and testing environment for ROS 2 Humble.
You can also create an instance from those image, for example using Focal (Ubuntu 20.04):
multipass launch focal
Or define the CPU cores, memory, disk, and instance name:
multipass launch -c2 -m2G -d16G -n ubuntu20 focal
See instance info:
multipass info ubuntu20
Name: ubuntu20
State: Running
IPv4: 10.194.62.137
Release: Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
Image hash: bfa805bde8f2 (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)
CPU(s): 2
Load: 1.68 0.61 0.22
Disk usage: 1.5GiB out of 15.4GiB
Memory usage: 155.6MiB out of 1.9GiB
Mounts: --
Connect to running instance:
multipass shell ubuntu20
ubuntu@ubuntu20:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal
Stop, delete and purge an instance:
multipass stop ubuntu20
multipass delete ubuntu20
$ multipass list
ubuntu20 Deleted -- Not Available
multipass purge
Minikube Setup
Create cloud-init file called cloud-config.yaml:
timezone: Asia/Jakarta
locale: id_ID.utf-8
repo_update: true
repo_upgrade: all
packages:
- curl
- apt-transport-https
- ca-certificates
- software-properties-common
- gnupg
- lsb-release
runcmd:
# docker installation
- curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
- sudo sh get-docker.sh
- sudo gpasswd -a ubuntu docker
# minikube installation using deb
- curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube_latest_amd64.deb
- sudo dpkg -i minikube_latest_amd64.deb
- echo 'alias kubectl="minikube kubectl --"' >> /home/ubuntu/.bashrc
- minikube start
Explanation
timezone- This configuration sets the system time zone to "Asia/Jakarta", which is the time zone for Jakarta, Indonesia.locale- This configuration sets the system locale to "id_ID.utf-8", which refers to the regional configuration for Indonesian.repo_update: true- Indicates that the package repository must be updated before installation of subsequent packages.repo_upgrade: all- Instructs to update all installed packages.packages- List of packages to be installed.runcmd- List of commands to be executed after package installation. In this case, these commands will be executed:- Download and run the Docker installation script.
- Added user "ubuntu" to group "docker" to grant Docker access permissions.
- Downloading and installing Minikube using the DEB package.
- Added an alias for the kubectl command.
- Getting started with Minikube.
Then create a BASH script to create an instance, called run.sh or You can also run by a single command below:
multipass launch -c2 -m2G -d16G -n kubelab --cloud-init cloud-config.yaml minikube
Your project should look like this:
.
├── cloud-config.yaml
└── run.sh
Now run the .sh file, wait until finish:
./run.sh
Get the info:
mulipass info kubelab
State: Running
IPv4: 10.194.62.215
172.17.0.1
192.168.49.1
Release: Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
Image hash: bfa805bde8f2 (Ubuntu 20.04 LTS)
CPU(s): 2
Load: 0.12 0.49 0.61
Disk usage: 5.9GiB out of 15.4GiB
Memory usage: 223.5MiB out of 1.9GiB
Mounts: --
Connect to the instance
multipass shell kubelab
Check minikube version:
minikube version
minikube version: v1.31.2
commit: fd7ecd9c4599bef9f04c0986c4a0187f98a4396e
Start minikube:
minikube start
😄 minikube v1.31.2 on Ubuntu 20.04 (kvm/amd64)
✨ Automatically selected the docker driver. Other choices: ssh, none
🧯 The requested memory allocation of 1965MiB does not leave room for system overhead (total system memory: 1965MiB). You may face stability issues.
💡 Suggestion: Start minikube with less memory allocated: 'minikube start --memory=1965mb'
📌 Using Docker driver with root privileges
👍 Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
🚜 Pulling base image ...
💾 Downloading Kubernetes v1.27.4 preload ...
> preloaded-images-k8s-v18-v1...: 393.21 MiB / 393.21 MiB 100.00% 973.68
> gcr.io/k8s-minikube/kicbase...: 447.58 MiB / 447.62 MiB 99.99% 973.91 K
🔥 Creating docker container (CPUs=2, Memory=1965MB) ...
🐳 Preparing Kubernetes v1.27.4 on Docker 24.0.4 ...
▪ Generating certificates and keys ...
▪ Booting up control plane ...
▪ Configuring RBAC rules ...
🔗 Configuring bridge CNI (Container Networking Interface) ...
▪ Using image gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
🔎 Verifying Kubernetes components...
🌟 Enabled addons: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
💡 kubectl not found. If you need it, try: 'minikube kubectl -- get pods -A'
🏄 Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default
Minikube stop
minikube stop
✋ Stopping node "minikube" ...
🛑 Powering off "minikube" via SSH ...
🛑 1 node stopped.
Conclusion
We've just created a locally run Minikube instance that uses Cloud-init to provision it, after reading the book later I think I'll add another read maybe by using a cloud provider. Thank you.😊